The Leisure Problem in Marxist Thought

• In Event: 286 - Regular Session. Critical Theory

Abstract

This paper is an intervention into the controversy regarding the leisure question in the Marxist theoretical tradition. As an alternative to certain Hegelian readings of Marx that advocate the overcoming of the dichotomy between work and leisure, I make the case for an interpretation of Marx that emphasizes the difference between work and play (leisure) in terms of distinct modes of experience that must remain separate. While I argue that this point of view is present in Marx’s writings from the early manuscripts through the multiple volumes of Capital, I seek to go beyond textual exegesis by linking Marx’s texts to demands for changing everyday life through the struggle for shorter hours of work. This entails linking Marx to other theorists like Arendt and Huizinga who make clear what is at stake with the question concerning leisure. For Arendt in particular, modern attempts to fuse work with play have ended in tragedy. By reading these authors through each other it is possible to construct a powerful theoretical framework for addressing the unique contradiction in late capitalism; namely, the dearth of leisure time for those who work and chronic unemployment and poverty for the reserve army of labor. The perspective developed here is particularly relevant in today’s global political economy which has paved the way toward a jobless future as a result of widespread and sophisticated labor-saving technologies.

Author

• Michael J. Roberts, San Diego State University