ADHD Labeling and Depression during the Transition to Adulthood

• In Event: 145 - Regular Session. Mental Health: Social Antecedents

Abstract

Despite recent increases in the diagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the US, insufficient attention has been paid to the effects of an ADHD label on mental health outcomes over the life course. Research has looked at the consequences of ADHD symptoms among children and adults: Several studies have found that childhood symptoms of ADHD are associated with higher risk of depressive symptoms in childhood and later in adulthood. However, independent of ADHD symptoms, the impact of an ADHD label on depressive symptoms over time has yet to be addressed. In addition, little attention has been paid to how the timing of an ADHD label, whether first occurring in childhood, adolescence, or adulthood, impacts depression over time. Using four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n=9385), we explore how an ADHD diagnosis (labeling) affects self-reported depressive symptoms over time during adolescence and adulthood, controlling for ADHD symptomology, taking into account the age at which the ADHD diagnosis is made. We also investigate potential mediators of this association, including self-concept, negative coping behaviors, blocked opportunities, and social bonds.

Authors

• Lindsey Wilkinson, Portland State University

• Hyeyoung Woo, Portland State University

• Melissa Thompson, Portland State University