Toward a Diverse Aging Approach: A Scoping Review of Theories on Social Inequality and Older Latinxs

• In Event: 41061 - Section on Latina/o Sociology Roundtables
  In Refereed Roundtable (60 minute): Table 4: Health, Social Safety Nets, and Aging in Latinx Communities

Abstract

This scoping review revisits key theoretical frameworks to illuminate how intersecting forms of inequality shape later-life outcomes for older Latinxs in the U.S. Although older Latinxs constitute one of the fastest-growing aging populations, existing research remains primarily descriptive, treating this group as monolithic and overlooking structural drivers of disparities. By systematically examining scholarship that applies or critiques theories such as triple jeopardy, cumulative disadvantage, structural racism, and intersectionality, this review identifies both the strengths and limitations of each framework for capturing the rich heterogeneity within Latinx communities. Preliminary findings reveal that the literature often relies on broad categorizations (e.g., “older Hispanic adults”) and seldom accounts for group diversity. While frameworks like triple jeopardy and cumulative disadvantage shed light on compounding risks associated with ageism, sexism, racism, and poverty, they frequently overlook colorism, the experiences of Afro-Latinxs, or policy contexts that influence access to social welfare and healthcare. Building on these insights, the review proposes a “diverse aging approach” that foregrounds structural discrimination, migration trajectories, and racialized experiences. Lastly, the review underscores that theory-driven, disaggregated data collection is crucial for informing policies and developing programs that promote this diverse population’s health and well-being.

Author

• Melanie Z. Plasencia, Rutgers University-Newark