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Session Submission Type: Panel Session
White patrons are often touted as organizers and sometimes saviors of twentieth century African American communities. While many of the developments in urban and rural black America can be attributed to philanthropists like Julius Rosenwald, Andrew Carnegie and others much of the work and organization and often the ideas came from within black community. Local leaders and community builders, whose names are lesser and in some cases completely unknown, imagined black spaces and worked to make them real. This work is often overlooked or glossed over in celebration of the efforts of the patron. This phenomenon is seen in early 20th century Southern rural towns, northern urban communities, the development of HBCUs and later in the establishment of programs within those colleges and universities.
The panel explores the contribution of black community in its own development, highlighting the daily efforts of the less glamorous work. It will address the early 20th century plans for racial uplift to the 1960s establishment of a Howard University team in a sport in which blacks were underrepresented. The panel will demonstrate how average citizens worked to create their own space, their own hallowed grounds throughout the community.
Lopez D. Matthews, Jr. PhD- Oliver Otis Howard and the Development of Black Education at Howard University
Anton D. House- Self- Help v. Self-Reliance: Institution Building in the late 19th century
Kenvi C. Phillips, PhD- Jesse E. Moorland and the Colored Y Campaign
Sonja N. Woods- Howland, Ware, Stuart Law and the Makings of Howard University Crew
Oliver Otis Howard and the Development of Black Education at Howard University - Lopez Matthews, Howard University
Self- Help v. Self-Reliance: Institution Building in the late 19th century - Anton House, Howard University
Jesse E. Moorland and the Colored Y Campaign - Kenvi Phillips, Howard University
Howland, Ware, Stuart Law and the Makings of Howard University Crew - Sonja Woods, Howard University