Evaluating Theories of Cross-National Variation in Imprisonment Rates: A Conjunctive Analysis

• In Event: Modeling and Analytical Issues

Abstract

Previous research indicates that imprisonment rates differ widely over time and aggregate units (e.g., states, nations). Various theories of law and society have been applied to identify the particular socio-political conditions associated with this variation in state-sponsored punishment.

Using the method of conjunctive analysis, the current study extends previous research by identifying the particular combinations of socio-political conditions (e.g., ethnic and religiosity diversity, inequality, political instability, economic development) that are common and unique among countries with different levels of imprisonments. After comparing these results for 148 countries with theoretical expectations, we discuss the limitations and implications of the findings for future studies on state-sponsored punishment and its structural and cultural predictors.

Authors

• Terry Miethe, University of Nevada, Las Vegas

• Timothy C. Hart, Griffith University

• Florentia Haroan, University of Nevada, Las Vegas