The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on aggression: A meta-analysis

• In Event: Current Issues in Biosocial Criminology

Abstract

Evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids are important for a variety of mental health outcomes and have been shown to improve both mood and behaviors. Despite the recent increase in research that has examined the association between omega-3 fatty acids and aggression, there is little consensus on whether omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for reducing aggressive behaviors. The purpose of the current study was to assess the relationship between omega-3 fatty acids and aggression by reviewing the findings from this body of research. A total of 73 effect sizes were calculated among 40 studies involving 7,173 participants from both experimental and nonexperimental research designs. Results from the fixed and random effect models showed a range of a small to large effect of omega-3 fatty acids on reducing aggression. Moderator analyses indicated that the effect of omega-3s on aggression is conditioned by how aggressive behaviors are measured, such as through self-report or parent/teacher surveys.

Authors

• Jamie M. Gajos, Florida State University

• Kevin M. Beaver, Florida State University