Risk-Need-Responsivity Model Meta-Analysis: Does the Responsivity Principle Uniquely Contribute to Reducing Recidivism and Treatment Attrition?

• In Event: Risk and Responsivity in Corrections

Abstract

Numerous meta-analyses show that the Risk-Need-Responsivity Model (RNR) of criminal rehabilitation is effective at reducing recidivism and treatment attrition. However, the unique contribution of the Responsivity Principle is rarely reported, or is reported in combination with the Risk and/or Need Principle. Studies that report the unique contribution of the Responsivity Principle tend to have small sample sizes, or vary in defining and measuring responsivity considerations. In practice, due to the large variation in types of specific responsivity considerations, correctional staff often use discretion when deciding which responsivity considerations to address. The present study examines the unique contribution of the Responsivity Principle in reducing recidivism and treatment attrition by systematically synthesizing the extant literature through meta-analysis. The present study further disentangles the value of the Responsivity Principle by examining three unique moderators: (a) effectiveness of addressing responsivity considerations for high v. low risk offenders; (b) effectiveness of general responsivity v. specific responsivity considerations (e.g., mental illness, transportation, childcare); and (c) effectiveness of addressing responsivity factors among subgroups of offenders (e.g., sex offenders, juvenile offenders, violent offenders). This research will assist corrections agencies in identifying which specific responsivity considerations are most important to address depending on risk level and subgroup of offenders.

Authors

• Tamara Kang, The University of Texas at El Paso

• Jennifer Eno Louden, The University of Texas at El Paso

• Elijah P. Ricks, Roosevelt University