Area VIII: Policing / 55: Police Strategies, Interventions, and Evaluations 

Discovering Drug Crimes: Explaining Police Rationales for Initial Contact in Drug Stops Across Places - Walter Campbell, Rutgers University; Elizabeth Griffiths, Rutgers University

Exploring the Nature, Prevalence, and Predictors of Police Use of Force During Terry Stops - Weston James Morrow, University of Nevada, Reno; Michael White, Arizona State University; Hank Fradella, Arizona State University

Stop or Frisk? Measuring Explanatory factors of Officer Decisions to Frisk Suspects During Pedestrian Stops in New York City - Heath John Grant, John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Eric L. Piza, John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Shun Feng, The Graduate Center, CUNY / John Jay College, CUNY

Smart Stops: Toward More Strategic Proactive Policing - Robert E. Worden, University at Albany, SUNY; Sarah J. McLean, The John F. Finn Institute for Public Safety, Inc.; Andrew Palmer Wheeler, The University of Texas at Dallas

Robert E. Worden, University at Albany, SUNY