Empirical Studies of Hate Crime: The Current State and Prospect

• In Event: Current and New Directions in Hate Crime Research

Abstract

Since the Hate Crime Statistics Act was adopted in 1990, there has been a development in research on hate crime and some federal funding has been made available for the research. However, theory-based empirical studies are relatively rare. The present study conducts a comprehensive review of empirical studies on hate crime since 1992. The review attempts to provide an assessment of the current state of the empirical studies, the challenges for conducting the studies, and the prospect for future studies.

Authors

• Lening Zhang, Saint Francis University

• Yan Zhang, Sam Houston State University