Exploring the Sources of Substance Use Norms: Insights from a Chinese Sample

• In Event: Correlates and the Reasons Why People (Youth and Adults) Use Drugs

Abstract

Substance use norms have been established as significant predictors of substance use behaviors, yet their origins remain underexplored. This study examines the sources of substance use norms within the framework of Norm Focus Theory, which categorizes norms as injunctive, descriptive, and personal. Utilizing a probability sample of 2,917 individuals aged 12 and over from China, this research delves into potential norm sources across individual, familial, and social spheres to construct a comprehensive understanding of the underpinnings of illicit substance use norms. Results show distinct origins for each norm type. A consistent negative relationship with self-esteem was observed across all norm types. Individuals with higher self-esteem are less likely to adopt positive norms towards illicit substance use. Community safety perceptions affect injunctive and personal norms, with unsafe communities potentially encouraging positive substance use norms. Anti-drug information from family members had little effect, while friends' information positively shaped norms. Religious participation and exposure to a broader range of anti-drug campaign channels positively correlated with injunctive and personal norms, challenging previous findings. This study sheds light on the nuanced and complex sources of substance use norms, offering insights for further exploration on inner mechanisms and targeted interventions.

Authors

• Mi Kang, University of Macau

• Hui Shen, University of Macao

• Spencer De Li, University of Macau