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Opioid overdose is one of the most severe consequences of opioid crisis, which places heavy burden to the criminal justice emergency response system. It is critical to closely monitor the temporal patterns of opioid overdose incidents and identify its space specific risk factors. However, the data generated within the criminal justice system can only provide very limited information. Also, the complexities introduced by the Covid-19 pandemic complicate such analyses. We employ the transformed Medicaid statistical information system analytic files (TAF) data to approximate the population at heightened risk for opioid overdose, which includes individuals diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD) or received related treatments through Medicaid. Additionally, we use TAF data to estimate the prevalence of Covid-19 in the pandemic period. By integrating TAF data with the Pennsylvania overdose information network (ODIN) data and census data, we map the trend of overdose cases during the pre- and early-Covid pandemic periods in Pennsylvania (2018-2020). We then conduct a spatial-temporal analysis to discern potential environmental risk factors for opioid overdose at the county level. This study underscores the significance of leveraging healthcare administrative data to support criminal justice research.