Online Extremist Recruitment and Mobilization in the Netherlands: What Happens Online, Stays Online?

• In Event: Cyberhate and Online Recruitment to Violent Extremism

Abstract

In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that the internet can play a significant role in disseminating extremist ideologies and recruiting members for extremist groups, whereas it also has a large mobilizing potential. However, knowledge on this matter is fragmented, and a comprehensive overview of relevant academic and practical insights is lacking. As a result, evidence-based prevention of online recruitment and mobilization remains difficult. A complicating factor in this regard is the inconsistency in terminology and operationalization across various studies. The present study employs mixed-methods to study online recruitment and mobilization for extremist groups across different ideologies. Based on a literature review, a content analysis of online platforms, interviews with online bystanders and various professionals in the field of preventing and countering extremism, we examine the nature and mechanisms of online recruitment and mobilization processes within different extremist groups. Additionally, we explore the dynamics between online and offline contexts, existing approaches to combat online recruitment and mobilization, and identify potential areas for further improvement and research. Results will be discussed in light of previous studies as well as the changing extremist landscape.

Authors

• Charlie Stoeldraaijers, VU University Amsterdam

• Elanie Rodermond, VU University Amsterdam / Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR)

• Fabienne Thijs, University of Amsterdam / Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR)