DNA in Forensics: Perceptions of Police Legitimacy vs Scientific Legitimacy

• In Event: Examining Police Legitimacy and Public Cooperation

Abstract

Forensic evidence has long been used as an enhancement tool to aid in the identification of putative perpetrators of crimes. However, the manner in which individuals are identified has changed with the increasing use of forensic technologies and policies haven't moved uniformly with these technological advances. Despite inconsistencies in DNA collection methods, and extensive literature demonstrating distrust in law enforcement, law enforcement representatives are those sent for DNA collection. Using survey data and follow-up qualitative interviews, I analyze citizen views of donating biological information to measure why individuals may or may not be willing to provide DNA. Specifically, I measure the effects of authority figures, such as police officers, and the institutions they represent on individuals’ willingness to provide DNA samples. In collecting this data, I find that the actors requesting samples do affect voluntary DNA donation, but not all types of actors have measurable effects. The legitimacy of the institutions these actors represent also affects compliance levels, though not universally. This study, thus, provides empirical evidence that can inform policy initiatives aimed at educating consumers and donors of biological DNA about the uses of DNA for criminal and non-criminal processes, while considering the authority and legitimacy of the requesting parties.

Author

• Charlotte Lopez-Jauffret, Abt Global / American University