Implications of Intersectional Identities on Reentry and Reintegration Outcomes

• In Event: Applying Critical Race and Racial Threat Theory to Criminal Legal System Topics

Abstract

Beneath the umbrella of critical race theory, Kimberlé Crenshaw’s conceptualization of intersectionality highlights how those who hold multiple marginalized identities experience various types of oppression, concurrently. In applying this framework, this paper attempts to elucidate the underlying implications behind how compounding elements of oppression impact women of color’s capacity to “successfully” reenter society post incarceration. A breadth of research suggests that formerly incarcerated individuals are obstructed from employment, education, housing, etc. on the basis of being labeled a criminal, yet little has been done to explain how this newly acquired label further disadvantages those who hold multiple marginalized identities. This paper argues that not only do institutional barriers play a role in the reentry and reintegration process, but that women of color are at an added disadvantage due to the unique composite systems of oppression they face (i.e., racism, sexism, etc.). This paper also explains how the additional acquisition of a criminal identity makes reentry an even more difficult task. Thus, the goal of this review is to showcase how various systems of oppression combine and intersect to perpetuate disparities in reentry outcomes for multiple marginalized individuals. Recommendations for policy are discussed.

Author

• Dominique L. Austin, CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice