Does Perception Match Reality? Media Presentation of Black, Hispanic, and White Mass Public Shooters

• In Event: Perceptions of and Responses to Mass Shootings

Abstract

Despite the persistent stereotype that attributes mass shootings solely to white men, data reveals a contrasting reality. Black men account for approximately 21% of these incidents, followed by Hispanics at 7%. The disparity extends beyond the mass shooting events to the portrayal of general perpetrators in the media. Studies examining media portrayal have identified marked differences based on race. White offenders often receive coverage that emphasizes mental health issues, humanizing them and possibly evoking sympathy. Conversely, African American and Hispanic shooters tend to be portrayed in a manner that underscores their perceived dangerousness or criminality. Such portrayals can reinforce harmful stereotypes, fuel racial bias, and lead to an underinvestment in understanding how motivations and aggravating factors vary across the race of the shooter. This study examines whether those patterns are true for mass public shootings. This study delves into the representation of 318 mass shootings across the United States from 2000 to 2022. It evaluates the racial differences in the shooters' backgrounds, motives, and sociological and economic contexts. By juxtaposing this data with media narratives about the perpetrators, the research aims to highlight discrepancies and encourage a more equitable media discourse on this critical issue.

Authors

• Joel Capellan, John Jay College of Criminal Justice

• Kwan-Lamar Blount-Hill, Arizona State University

• Justice Evans, John Jay College of Criminal Justice