Bridging the Gap in Criminological Stats Education: An Instructional Guide to Advanced Custom Results in R

• In Event: Community-based Learning in Criminal Justice Classes

Abstract

This paper addresses a common challenge among graduate students in criminology who rely on statistical software without fully understanding the underlying computational processes. Drawing on the development of R packages and tutorials for advanced techniques—especially multi-level regression—this instructional guide aims to clarify data structures, modeling frameworks, and optimization procedures. By illustrating how to build custom outputs and tables step by step, the paper provides a hands-on roadmap for learners who wish to move beyond standard software defaults. The method-oriented approach empowers students to develop a deeper grasp of both the theoretical and practical components of quantitative analysis, thereby enhancing their ability to interpret and communicate empirical findings. Overall, this article contributes to criminology education by offering a systematic resource that demystifies advanced modeling in R, equipping educators and students alike with tools to elevate methodological rigor and clarity in empirical research.

Author

• Xiaotian Zheng, George Mason University