Mental Health Needs and Referrals for LGBTQ+/GNC Youth in the Juvenile Legal System

• In Event: Area XII. Diversity and Inclusion - Mental Health Issues

Abstract

Prior research highlights systemic disparities faced by youth involved in the juvenile legal system (JLS), including gendered and racialized biases, as well as social challenges such as high rates of violent and sexual victimization (Anderson et al., 2023; Conron & Wilson, 2019; Jonnson et al., 2019). These challenges are especially acute for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, and gender-nonconforming (LGBTQ+/GNC) youth, who experience higher risks of neglect, abuse, mental health struggles—including suicidal ideation and attempts—homelessness, and educational exclusion (Irvine & Canfield, 2017). Drawing on 3.5 years of administrative data from a major Midwestern urban county’s juvenile court (N = 936 cases), this study examines how the JLS responds to the mental health needs of LGBTQ+/GNC youth. Findings from the MAYSI mental health screening tool indicate that LGBTQ+/GNC youth report significantly higher rates of substance use, anger and irritability, depression and anxiety, somatic complaints, and suicidal ideation compared to their non-LGBTQ+/GNC peers. By highlighting these disparities, this research informs discussions on more inclusive and effective juvenile court practices, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions that better address the distinct needs of LGBTQ+/GNC youth within the JLS.

Authors

• Elizabeth Lyne, University of Missouri-St. Louis

• Valerie Anderson, University of Missouri-St. Louis