Case Resolution for Missing and Murdered Indigenous People (MMIP): The Role of Victim-Offender Relationships

• In Event: Causes and Consequences of Indigenous Victimization: A Series of Studies by Incarcerated Researchers

Abstract

Prior research demonstrates that victim-offender relationships influence case resolution and sentencing outcomes. However, it is unclear if this pattern applies to missing and murdered Indigenous people (MMIP). This study addresses this discrepancy, recognizing that MMIP face unique challenges, including increased victimization rates, unclear investigative responsibility, and limited media coverage. Using data from the Missing and Murdered Women, Girls, and Two-Spirit (MMIWG2) database, the authors quantitatively assess the impact of victim-offender relationships on case resolution and sentencing outcomes in the United States and Canada. Regression analysis indicates that victim-offender relationships have an impact on MMIP case outcomes, thus contributing to a larger discussion on unique vulnerabilities and criminal justice system responses impacting Indigenous victims.

Authors

• Sean Carnell, University of Idaho

• Anthony Trammel, University of Idaho

• Grace Meyer, University of Cincinnati

• Omi Hodwitz, University of Idaho