Understanding the Scope and Nature of Forced Criminality in the United States

• In Event: Perspectives on Human Trafficking Victimization

Abstract

Forced criminality, a lesser-recognized form of human trafficking, affects people who are coerced, defrauded, or forced into committing illicit activities. These victims are often misidentified as offenders, leaving them vulnerable to further victimization and without access to critically needed victim services. This research aims to examine the scope, nature, and challenges of identifying forced criminality in the United States. Through a multi-site study spanning New York City, Boston, San Francisco, and Los Angeles, we have developed and implemented a forced criminality screening tool for use by public defenders. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative data collection from screened individuals and qualitative interviews with both affected individuals and criminal justice stakeholders. Key research questions focus on identifying victims, assessing legal and systemic barriers, and developing support mechanisms to mitigate harm. Preliminary findings from the screening tool data collection will be discussed, as well as implications for policy and practice.

Authors

• Lauren N. Moton, New York University

• Meredith Dank, New York University

• Amy Farrell, Northeastern University

• Ethan Levine, Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking (Cast)

• Rebecca Pfeffer, RTI International