Golf Clubs and Neighborhood Crime in Los Angeles Block Groups

• In Event: Block Parties, Golf, Tay Tay and Wild Fires: Which Events Influence Neighborhood Crime?

Abstract

This study examines the impact of golf clubs on neighborhood crime patterns in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. While prior research has explored the criminogenic effects of business establishments, the role of golf clubs remains understudied. Drawing on crime pattern theory and routine activities theory, we hypothesize that golf clubs can function as crime generators by increasing foot traffic and opportunities for criminal activity. Conversely, they may also serve as third places that foster social cohesion and informal social control, potentially reducing crime. Using crime data from the Southern California Crime Study and demographic information from the U.S. Census, we conduct negative binomial regression analyses at the block group level. Our findings reveal that the presence of golf clubs is associated with higher level of crime in general, while private golf clubs exhibit crime-reducing effects. Additionally, we identify moderating effects of golf clubs on the relationship between neighborhood structural characteristics and crime highlighting the complex interplay between the presence of golf clubs, social structural characteristics, and crime in neighborhood. These findings contribute to the broader discourse on the spatial determinants of crime and inform policy discussions on urban planning and crime prevention strategies.

Authors

• Young-An Kim, Florida State University

• James C. Wo, The University of Iowa