Second Chances, Smarter Justice: A Gendered Approach to Post-Conviction Initiatives

• In Event: Gender-Responsive Justice: Rethinking Post-Conviction Policies and Practices for Women

Abstract

Women are the fastest-growing segment of the incarcerated population in the United States, yet post-conviction policies remain largely designed for men. Gender disparities in sentencing, reentry barriers, and inadequate programming contribute to long-term challenges for justice-involved women, particularly those with histories of trauma, economic insecurity, and caregiving responsibilities. This policy study highlights the urgent need for gender-responsive reforms in sentencing reviews, reentry programming, and Second Look policies.

Drawing on feminist criminology and pathways research, this presentation will examine how gendered experiences shape women’s involvement in the justice system and their post-conviction challenges. It will explore the critical gaps in reentry services, including employment discrimination, housing instability, and parental reunification barriers, and propose actionable policy solutions. A key focus will be the expansion of Second Look policies to address the disproportionate impact of long sentences on women, particularly those convicted under harsh mandatory sentencing laws.

By incorporating gendered research into policymaking, we can develop more equitable criminal justice policies that reduce recidivism, promote rehabilitation, and support successful reintegration. This presentation will offer practical recommendations for legislators, criminal justice agencies, and advocacy groups to create smarter, more effective policies for justice-involved women.

Author

• Jillian E. Snider, Nova Southeastern University / John Jay College of Criminal Justice / R Street Institute