From Sexualization to Victim Blaming: Stereotypes of Black Womanhood in Perceptions of Sexual Assault Victimization

• In Event: Race, Ethnicity, and Victimization

Abstract

Sexual assault is a pervasive issue, and societal responses often vary based on the race of victims and perpetrators. This study investigated how two racialized stereotypes, the Jezebel and Strong Black Woman tropes, influence perceptions of sexual assault victims. Using a vignette-based experimental design with a sample of 1,254 U.S. adults, this study examined how victim and perpetrator race influence attributions of culpability, perceptions of victim harm and empathy. Results revealed that Black women victims were perceived to be more culpable and received less empathy than White women, particularly in intraracial assault scenarios. The Jezebel and Strong Black Woman stereotypes played a role in how sexual assault victims were perceived, with evidence of moderation by race. Endorsement of the Jezebel stereotype exacerbated victim-blaming and reduced empathy for Black women, while the Strong Black Woman stereotype mitigated blame but may mask the severity of harm experienced. These results suggest that heightened victim-blaming of Black women sexual assault victims is in part driven by stereotypes of Black womanhood. Findings speak to the process through which racialized stereotypes can perpetuate racial disparities in the treatment of sexual assault victims, implying the importance of culturally responsive policies in victim support and legal responses.

Authors

• Ter'Ricka Faith Brundidge, University of Cincinnati

• Lindsay Leban, University of Alabama at Birmingham