“He Couldn't Call Me Dad”– UK Ex-Offenders' Experiences of Fathering During and After Incarceration

• In Event: Lightning Talk: Families, Social Bonds, and Criminal Justice

Abstract

Parenthood is common among UK prisoners, yet the experiences of incarcerated fathers remain significantly under-researched—particularly in contrast to the growing body of work on imprisoned mothers. In July 2024, the ONS estimated that over 100,000 incarcerated men in the UK are fathers. This study explores the experiences of 30 UK-based fathers who were actively involved in caregiving prior to incarceration and released within the past year. It investigates how they maintained relationships with their children during imprisonment and navigated fatherhood post-release.
Initial findings suggest that while many fathers accessed structured parenting and emotional support in prison, post-release realities were more challenging. Participants reported difficulties in rebuilding relationships, limited access to support networks, and persistent stigma in child-related activities. Financial instability and employment barriers further complicated reintegration.
Three key implications emerge: the need for pre-release programmes focused on emotional and practical reconnection with children; improved access to post-release peer networks and mentoring; and greater support in securing stable, caregiving-compatible employment. The invisibility of fatherhood post-release mirrors broader institutional neglect and calls for systemic change. This paper advocates for targeted interventions and future research into international best practices to better support returning fathers.

Authors

• Jasmine Kelland, University of Plymouth

• Ian Blackwell, University of Plymouth