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This systematic review aims to identify the key components of effective Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-specific training for first responders to inform and enhance future programs. The rising prevalence of ASD has led to more frequent interactions with first responders. Moreover, characteristics of ASD such as elopement, seizures, and atypical behaviors (e.g., stimming, lack of eye contact) can complicate these encounters. However, current training programs lack evidence-based guidance to address these unique challenges effectively.
To address this gap in the literature, a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed studies will be conducted across multiple databases. Eligible studies will focus on 1) autism spectrum disorder 2) training 3) for first responders. To minimize bias, each study will undergo a systematic quality assessment, using predetermined guidelines, by multiple blinded reviewers. Finally, all relevant studies will be qualitatively analyzed for common themes within intervention development, implementation, and outcomes.
We hypothesize that incorporating interdisciplinary perspectives and engaging individuals with lived ASD experience—whether as caregivers or self-advocates— will enhance training outcomes by fostering more coordinated and community informed responses. Ultimately, this review will inform future program development by providing valuable information regarding the key components of successful ASD-specific training for first responders.