AI Predictive Policing and 'Smart' Surveillance Systems: Optimising Policy and Legislation between the UK and Italy

• In Event: Quantitative Methods WG. Panel 4. Emerging Issues Related to AI , Surveillance, and Data Protection

Abstract

This study offers a desk-based comparative analysis of the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their application in different areas of criminology related to crime prevention and control in the UK and Italy. The recent expansion of AI has raised concerns among policymakers and legislators, presenting both opportunities and potential risks, in terms of data management, privacy awareness and ethical issues concerning human 'agency' and 'function creep'.

The analysis focuses on the UK and Italy as case studies, focusing on developments from 2023 to the present, emphasising the distinct approaches of the two countries and their use and prohibitions in the use of AI and surveillance technology. While recognising the prudence in implementing such technologies in mundane circumstances for the administration of law and order, the two countries took significantly different approaches, highlighting various facets of an issue of international prominence. Overall, the two countries as case studies show differentiated approaches to the integration of AI in crime prevention and control. Our analysis of their unique strategies and extensive use of surveillance technologies aims to provide an in-depth insight into the wider implications.

Authors

• Janos Mark Szakolczai, University of Glasgow

• Annalisa Costabile, Università degli studi di Roma, Sapienza