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Unveiling the Dynamics of Trafficking in Human Beings: A European Perspective
Thu, September 12, 9:30 to 10:45am, Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest, Floor: Basement, Room 0.22Abstract
Trafficking in Human Beings (THB) represents a complex transnational organised crime with various manifestations, including sexual and labour exploitation, alongside other forms such as forced criminality. It is a dynamic and continuously changing phenomenon, with perpetrators often operating within extensive criminal networks, leveraging societal, geopolitical and technological factors to their advantage. Notably, the digital realm has become a key arena for traffickers, who exploit online platforms to recruit and exploit victims, ushering in a new era of exploitation. Given its continuous evolution, it is crucial to promptly understand its dynamics to inform research and develop effective prevention strategies. This study delves into THB dynamics in Europe, specifically focusing on sex trafficking, labour trafficking and forced criminality. Drawing upon extensive literature reviews and insights from semi-structured interviews with THB experts, including law enforcement officials, border guards, and policymakers, it pursues two main objectives. Firstly, to elucidate the evolving landscape of THB by analysing the techniques employed across various stages of the crime and the involvement of criminal organisations, especially in light of emerging international threats such as the COVID-19 pandemic and global conflicts. Secondly, to identify the underlying factors contributing to individuals' involvement in THB as either victims or perpetrators (i.e., vulnerabilities). The study presents the initial findings from the European-funded project VANGUARD (Grant Number 101121282). By addressing these objectives, the research endeavours to provide a comprehensive understanding of human trafficking dynamics and inform strategies for combating this pervasive crime.