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The health of prisoners is a complex issue and has been extensively researched. While traditional research methods focus on identifying health conditions and prevalence, they often fall short in incorporating the active participation of prisoners. Participatory Action Research (PAR) is emerging as a more inclusive and empowering alternative, enabling prisoners to actively engage in the research process and address their specific needs. More importantly, PAR creates opportunities for meaningful actions and positive change.
The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed overview of the current state of research on the use of PAR within health research in detention by conducting a scoping review. A scoping review helps to identify the current state of knowledge, gaps, and potential areas for future research and implementation. The main focus of this review is to examine the extent to which prisoners have been involved in the research process and to understand their contributions. In addition, attention will also be given to the actions and improvements that contribute to the development of effective interventions and the promotion of prisoner health.