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Cyber Gender-Based Violence in Spain, a quantitative and qualitative radiography
Thu, September 12, 9:30 to 10:45am, Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest, Floor: 1st floor, Room 2.20Abstract
Technology-facilitated gender-based violence against women (TFGBV), also known as cyber gender-based violence (CVDG) or digital violence, encompasses violence perpetrated through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) against women. Despite the lack of global statistics, studies indicate significant prevalence rates, with estimates suggesting that a majority of young women globally and a substantial portion of women overall have experienced some form of gender-based violence online. In Europe, one in ten women has been a victim of digital violence, highlighting the urgency to address this issue legislatively and through policy frameworks.
The purpose of this research is to offer a quantitative and qualitative overview of CVDG through data reported in Spain to the Security Forces and Corps. The sample corresponds to 300 cases of CVDG reported between 2015 and 2022. The results indicate that almost 80% of the victims are Spanish, and the majority of perpetrators (72.1%) also hold Spanish nationality. Regarding the type of relationship, the highest percentage corresponds to ex-partners (separated, divorced, ex-partners), and 94.4% of the relationships had ended. 82.7% of women claim to have suffered cyber violence. With regard to sentence violation, there are 43.5% of cases, mainly through WhatsApp (49.3%), followed by Instagram (14.7%), Facebook (15.7%), and/or email (6.3%). There is very high data on simultaneous criminal cyber behavior in many cases, highlighting cyber threats, cyber harassment, cyber offenses, and discovery and disclosure of secrets. Jealousy is present in 50% of aggressors, and cyberbullying towards the victim is observed in 91.4% of cases.
The discussion emphasizes that the perpetrator's violence usually appears once the relationship has ended, especially in cases where the aggressor does not accept the breakup. The importance of addressing this phenomenon in a multidisciplinary manner to protect and safeguard women's rights is highlighted.