Police Accountability and Mental Health – Perceptions of Protection

• In Event: Independent Police Complaints Bodies: Results of Cross-Country Comparative Research on Police Accountability

Abstract

Public attitudes toward vulnerable populations, including those experiencing mental health issues, are evolving. However, these individuals are still too often perceived as dangerous, unpredictable, as the “Other”. Police—frequently acting as front-line responders in complex social situations—are often the first point of contact yet may lack specialised training and resources needed to address these interactions effectively. Despite being disproportionately affected by police violence and custody-related deaths, these groups face significant obstacles when seeking redress. Their complaints may be misinterpreted or dismissed, and independent police oversight bodies (IPCBs) rarely collect data on their experiences in dealing with these complaints. Our paper examines how IPCBs are equipped to handle complaints from people with (perceived or documented) mental health issues. We analyse data gathered from public IPCBs reports in Canada and Germany, expert interviews with IPCB staff, members of related public institutions, and self-help group members. This primary data was thematically analysed and discussed against police accountability theories and best practice guidelines for handling complex complaints. By examining how IPCBs address complaints involving vulnerable populations, including those with mental health issues, we contribute to a deeper understanding of these dynamics—an essential step toward strengthening police oversight and ensuring equitable access to justice.

Authors

• Sonja John, Berlin School of Economics and Law

• Vicky Hébert Brassard, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières