The family as a pathway into organised crime: a social network analysis of co-offending in a Danish sample

• In Event: Youths’ Involvement in Organized Crime - Panel 2

Abstract

Kinship-Based Organised Crime (KBOC) has gained recognition as a distinct form of criminal activity, yet research in this field remains fragmented, with limited theoretical and empirical clarity. Along with the inherent limitations that this ambiguity entails, there is a risk of KBOC being politicised and overemphasising the crime of certain ethnic or cultural groups. This study aims to enhance understanding of KBOC structures by analysing the dual roles of kinship and offender ties within these networks. Through social network analysis (SNA) of seven KBOC families embedded in a larger co-offending network, the study examines whether these families function as criminal co-offending units.
Findings indicate that while family members are involved in crime, the family itself does not constitute the primary structure of criminal networks. Instead, co-offending is driven by a small number of influential individuals who hold central positions within both family and broader criminal networks. Additionally, contrary to previous assumptions, female family members actively participate in criminal activities rather than solely providing logistical support. The study further highlights the multiplex nature of kinship ties, where interwoven relationships within families may reinforce criminal involvement and make co-offending bonds harder to break.
These findings challenge monolithic portrayals of KBOC, suggesting that while some families serve as criminal networks, others function as broader support structures. By applying social network analysis, this study provides empirical insights into the interplay between kinship and crime, contributing to a more nuanced and evidence-based understanding of KBOC dynamics.

Author

• Inge-Mai Jonsson, University College London