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Risk and Protective Factors in the Work Environment for Patrolling Police Officers
Fri, September 5, 2:00 to 3:15pm, Communications Building (CN), CN 2113Abstract
Introduction: Patrolling police officers play a crucial role in preventing, addressing, and detecting criminal activities, as well as maintaining public order and safety. Their work environment spans the entire community, exposing them to various risks such as threats and violence. This study aims to systematically review risk and protective factors at individual, organizational, and societal levels to develop effective workplace strategies for a sustainable police organization.
Methods: The study focuses on patrolling police officers in Europe, utilizing scientifically reviewed publications from the last ten years. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the Scopus, PubMed, and PsycInfo databases, yielding 8,497 unique articles. A three-step model was employed: reviewing abstracts, examining full texts, and conducting a quality review, resulting in 83 relevant articles. The analysis was guided by coping theory, the demand-control-support model, and a multisystemic perspective.
Results: The findings indicate that exposure to traumatic events, hazardous chemicals, and high job demands are significant risk factors. Weak leadership, low social support, and non-supportive organizational norms also contribute to a challenging work environment. Protective factors include high job control, job satisfaction, and supportive relationships with supervisors and colleagues. Interventions such as resilience training, physical activity promotion, and improved shift schedules have shown positive effects on well-being and job satisfaction.
Conclusion: The work environment for patrolling police officers is complex and challenging to control. Known risk factors such as high job demands and lack of control impact their health and well-being. Protective factors like social support and employee influence can be enhanced through organizational interventions. The study highlights the need for evidence-based strategies to mitigate risks and promote a supportive work environment for police officers.