AI Crime and Crime Control Policy: Risks, Challenges, and Ethical Dilemmas

• In Event: Crime, Science and Politics WG Panel 2 : Innovation and Access in Justice Systems

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved, influencing various sectors, including criminal activity and crime control. This presentation explores the dual role of AI as both a facilitator of new forms of crime and a tool for law enforcement and predictive policing. AI-related crimes can be classified into "AI-enhanced crimes," where traditional offenses are amplified by AI, and "AI-enabled crimes," which emerge solely due to AI technologies, such as deepfake fraud and automated cyber-attacks.

Simultaneously, AI-driven crime control measures—such as predictive policing, risk assessment algorithms, facial recognition, and robotic policing—pose significant ethical and legal challenges. While they enhance security, they also raise concerns regarding bias, due process, and the erosion of privacy rights.

This study critically examines the balance between technological advancements in crime control and fundamental democratic principles. It argues that while AI is indispensable in modern crime prevention, its deployment must be subject to strict oversight to prevent excessive surveillance and ensure compliance with the rule of law.

Keywords: AI-enhanced crime, Predictive policing, Algorithmic justice, Crime control policy, Surveillance and ethics

Author

• Emmanouil Technitis, Democritus University of Thrace, Scientific Collaborator of the Center for the Study of Crime (GR), Metropolitan College tutor (GR)