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Introduction and Problem Statement
Strong brands are vital for nonprofit organizations to strive. That is, because they can serve to build trust and loyalty among stakeholders (Laidler-Kylander & Stenzel, 2013). In this study, we thus highlight the potential of strategic brand management in nonprofits and how to best implement it. We hinge on nonprofit work that stresses marketing and brand orientation (Anees-ur-Rehman et al., 2016; Ewing & Napoli, 2005; Urde, 1999; Wymer et al., 2015), brand image and authenticity (Michel & Rieunier, 2012; Wymer & Akbar, 2019). As such, we identify an ongoing gap between theoretical implications of strategic brand management and its practical implementation. This is consistent with scholars like Anees-ur-Rehman et al., 2016; Apaydin, 2011; Baumgarth et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2015; Sepulcri et al., 2023; and Wymer et al., 2015. To bolster nonprofit mangers to bridge this gap, we pose the following twofold research question: Which challenges do nonprofit managers face in implementing strategic brand management and how do they overcome these impediments?
Applying a mixed methods design, we first conducted an online survey among German nonprofit marketing professionals (n=114, ongoing) about organizational implementation barriers. Second, in-depth interviews (n=21, ongoing) with respondents were held. The latter of which covered insights of both large nonprofits (e.g., Caritas International) and small ones (e.g., Farm instead of Retirement Home).
The data analysis is ongoing. First findings revealed, however, that 73 % of the surveyed experts thought that their branding activities were not sufficiently implemented. Furthermore, the interviewees, confirmed the assumed implementation gap. Whereas typical impediments like insufficient financial resources seemed to be relevant, we also detected more striking barriers regarding internal communication, a short-term focus and a lack of support through the executive management level. Final results will be presented at the 16th ISTR conference.
Anees-ur-Rehman, M., Wong, H. Y., & Hossain, M. (2016). The Progression of Brand Orientation Literature in Twenty Years: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Brand Management, 23(6), 612–630.
Apaydin, F. (2011). A Proposed Model of Antecedents and Outcomes of Brand Orientation for Nonprofit Sector. Asian Social Science, 7(9), 194–202.
Baumgarth, C., Merrilees, B., & Urde, M. (2013). Brand Orientation: Past, Present, and Future. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(9/10), 973–980.
Ewing, M. T., & Napoli, J. (2005). Developing and Validating a Multidimensional Nonprofit Brand Orientation Scale. Journal of Business Research, 58, 841–853.
Hudson, J. (2007). The Branding of Charities. In Sargeant, A., & Wymer, W. (Eds.), Routledge Companion to Nonprofit Marketing, 70–81.
Kylander, N., & Stone, C. (2012). The Role of Brand in the Nonprofit Sector. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 10(2), 36–41.
Laidler-Kylander, N., & Stenzel, J. S. (2013). The Brand IDEA: Managing Nonprofit Brands with Integrity, Democracy, and Affinity. San Francisco, MA: Wiley.
Liu, G., Chapleo, C., Ko, W. W., & Ngugi, I. K. (2015). The Role of Internal Branding in Nonprofit Brand Management: An Empirical Investigation. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 44(2), 319–339.
Michel, G., & Rieunier, S. (2012). Nonprofit Brand Image and Typicality influences on Charitable Giving. Journal of Business Research, 65(5), 701–707.
Sargeant, A., Ford, J. B., & Hudson, J. (2008). Charity Brand Personality: The Relationship with Giving Behavior. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 37(1), 468–491.
Sepulcri, L. M. C. B., & Mainardes, E. W. (2023). Elements that Compose the Nonprofit Brand Orientation in an Emerging Country. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Management, 20, 85–123.
Urde, M. (1999). Brand Orientation: A Mindset for Building Brands into Strategic Resources. Journal of Marketing Management, 15, 117–133.
Wymer, W., & Akbar, M. M. (2019) Brand Authenticity’s Influence on Charity Support Intentions. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 31(5), 507–527.
Wymer, W., Boenigk, B., & Möhlmann, M. (2015). The Conceptualization of Nonprofit Marketing Orientation: A Critical Reflection and Contributions Toward Closing the Practice-Theory Gap. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 27, 117–134.