Political Participation in Hybrid Regimes: The case of Karachi, Pakistan

• In Event: The Political Economy of Political Participation in South Asia

Brief Overview

The study presents new evidence of the impact of hybrid service delivery in patronage democracies. Middle income voters who also benefit from state services are empowered by privatized services. Conversely, low-income voters are further marginalized.

Author

• Erum Aly Haider, The College of Wooster