Speaking Out: Understanding the Considerations Behind Retired Flag Officers’ Decisions to Participate in Political Discourse

• In Event: American Public Opinion and Foreign Policy

Brief Overview

This paper analyzes the results of a survey of senior retired military leaders about why they speak out on political or foreign policy issues, potentially violating civil-military norms.

Authors

• Risa Brooks, Marquette University

• Heidi A. Urben, Georgetown University

• Michael A Robinson, United States Military Academy, West Point