Responding with a Smile: Harris and Trump’s Facial Behavior During the 2024 Debate and Follower Expectations

• In Event: Evaluating Leaders and Their Rhetoric

Brief Overview

Smiles are primal, with favored smile type reflecting preferred political interactions. The 2024 presidential election provides the opportunity to explore connections between candidate nonverbal behavior during debates and follower expectations.

Author

• Patrick A. Stewart, University of Arkansas