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The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend the Walther and DAddario (2001) study that examined the effects of emoticons on message interpretation in email messages. This study examined the effect of emoticons on message interpretation in instant messages replacing text emoticons [smile :-), frown :-(, and wink :-] with graphic emoticons (yellow smiley face , frown , and wink ). Results are reported and compared to results of Walther and DAddario.
Kathryn Dindia, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
Jennifer Huber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee