3-175 - Affective neuroscience approaches to understanding brain and behavioral development

Session Type: Paper Symposium

Integrative Statement

Attentional systems in the brain have been widely researched. Networks underlying orienting, alerting, and executive control have been characterized (Petersen, 2012). However, there is still a need to gain a better understanding of the relationship between brain function, behavior, and attention and how this relationship changes throughout development. Studying attentional tasks with the help of methods like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography, and eye tracking may provide a more complete picture of typical and atypical brain development.
The studies in this symposium have examined underlying brain function and behavior related to orienting, alerting, and executive control across multiple populations of interest. These populations include individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), maltreated adolescents in foster care, youth who exhibit behavioral inhibition (BI), as well as typically developing (TD) individuals.
The first study integrates behavioral measures and ERP experiments in analyzing social orienting in toddlers at high risk for ASD. The second study focuses on TD adolescents and analyzes the role of visual attention on amygdala habituation to emotional faces using fMRI and eye tracking. The third study uses fMRI data to investigate attentional bias in BI youth. The fourth presentation focuses on the impact of preventive intervention on response inhibition in a sample of maltreated youth in foster care using fMRI. These studies show how researchers can better study the behavioral and neural development of attention by combining behavioral measures and imaging protocols.

Sub Unit

• Biological Processes

Chair

• Christopher S Monk, University of Michigan

Individual Presentations

• Impaired Social Orienting in ‘Unaffected’ Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Behavioral and ERP Study - Presenting Author: Brandon Keehn, Purdue University; Sarah Mumanachit, Boston Children's Hospital; Helen Tager-Flusberg, Boston University; Charles A. Nelson, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School

• Distinct Frontolimbic Functioning underlying Threat-related Attention Bias in Children with Behavioral Inhibition - Presenting Author: Xiaoxue Fu, Pennsylvania State University; Bradley Charles Taber-Thomas, Pennsylvania State University; Koraly Elisa Perez-Edgar, Pennsylvania State University

• Impact of Early Childhood Maltreatment and a Preventive Intervention on Neural Patterns Underlying Response Inhibition - Presenting Author: Kathryn F. Jankowski, University of Oregon; Jacqueline Bruce, Oregon Social Learning Center; Kathryn Gilliam, University of Oregon; Leslie E. Roos, University of Oregon; Philip Andrew Fisher, University of Oregon

• Amygdala habituation to emotional faces in children and adolescents: fMRI and eye tracking indices - Presenting Author: Francisco Velasquez, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Whitney Ian Mattson, University of Michigan; Johnna R Swartz, Duke University; Jillian Lee Wiggins, National Institute of Mental Health; Scott J. Peltier, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Christopher S Monk, University of Michigan