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2-071 - Imaging the Infant Brain: Longitudinal Studies of Brain-Behavior Associations
Fri, March 20, 9:55 to 11:25am, Penn CC, Floor: 200 Level, Room 204CSession Type: Paper Symposium
Integrative Statement
The brain undergoes rapid and dynamic change during the first years of life. These robust changes in brain structure and function are inextricably linked to concomitant change in a child’s behavioral and cognitive abilities. A growing body of work has begun to explore the role of the brain in conditions associated with atypical early development, such as autism spectrum disorder or preterm birth. However, there is a paucity of empirical data linking brain and behavioral development in healthy human infants. To properly characterize atypicality, we reason that we must first understand the nature and dynamics of brain-behavior change among typically developing babies.
This symposium brings together research groups focused on longitudinal infant brain imaging to ask a question of common interest: how do early trajectories of brain development relate to early outcomes and cognitive-behavioral characteristics? We address this question through four talks focused on healthy, typically developing infants. In the first, we will address sex differences in corpus callosum development and the relationship of this structure to early cognitive performance. In the second, we will feature a diffusion tensor imaging study examining how development of white matter connecting the visual cortices, and not putative “language pathways”, predicts individual differences in early language production. In the third, we discuss the neural circuitry of working memory, detailing a specific role for pathways connecting the hippocampus. Finally, our fourth talk addresses developmental trajectories of myelination in infancy, revealing how nonlinear growth curves differentiate children on the basis of later cognitive ability.
Sub Unit
Chair
Individual Presentations
Corpus Callosum Development Linked to Sex Differences and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Infants - Presenting Author: Jason J Wolff, University of Minnesota; Takahiro Soda, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Guido Gerig, Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah; Martin Styner, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Joseph Piven, University of North Carolina (System)
The Neural Circuitry Supporting Language Development in the Infant Brain - Presenting Author: Meghan Swanson, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Jason J Wolff, University of Minnesota; Jed T. Elison, University of Minnesota; Hongbin Gu, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill; Heather Cody Hazlett, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Kelly Botteron, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University; Sarah Paterson, Temple University; Martin Styner, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Guido Gerig, Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah; John Constantino, Washington University in St. Louis; Stephen Dager; Annette Mercer Estes, University of Washington; Clement Vachet, University of Utah; Joseph Piven, University of North Carolina (System)
Can Infants’ White Matter Integrity at Birth Predict Their Working Memory Performance at 1 and 2 Years of Age? - Presenting Author: Sarah J. Short, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Barbara Davis Goldman, University of North Carolina; Rachel Jessica Steiner, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill; Mihye Ahn, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Martin Styner, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; John H Gilmore, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
White Matter Maturation Profiles Throughout Early Childhood Predict General Cognitive Ability - Presenting Author: Sean C Deoni, Brown University; Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh, Department of Neuroimaging, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; Jed T. Elison, University of Minnesota; Holly Dirks, Brown University; Irene Piryatinsky, Brown University; Douglas C. Dean III, Brown University