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3-140 - Neural Correlates of Behavior Disorders in Early Childhood: Evidence From Multiple Neuroimaging Methods

Sat, March 23, 12:45 to 2:15pm, Hilton Baltimore, Floor: Level 1, Johnson A

Session Type: Paper Symposium

Integrative Statement

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder, collectively known as Behavior Disorders (BDs), are highly prevalent and confer risk for negative life outcomes into adulthood. Early childhood is a crucial window for intervention as BD symptoms first appear in early childhood and children’s behaviors become decreasingly plastic as they mature. Despite the importance of understanding the development of BDs in early childhood, the neural correlates of BDs in early childhood have been understudied due to the prohibitive nature of using certain methods with young children. However, recent advances in the application of neuroimaging to pediatric populations have opened new avenues of research. The collective presentations will feature findings across several methodologies, including structural MRI, fNIRS, EEG connectivity, and ERP, thus demonstrating the applicability of multiple neuroimaging methods for the study of early childhood disorders. Importantly, the presented work will also highlight newly identified neural correlates of BDs early in life. We hope these observations will advance the field, serving as a basis for future work elucidating developmental trajectories in these disorders. We will report four novel findings in young children. First, basal ganglia volume is associated with irritable temperament. Second, using facial coding, expressions of frustration indicate clinically significant BD symptomatology and dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex. Third, dysfunctional neural network organization is associated with elevated BD symptoms. Finally, amplitude of the N2 ERP components are associated with dysregulated behavior. In sum, these studies point to the importance of frontal striatal systems for young children with BDs.

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