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Guided by the Interactive-Constructive-Active-Passive (ICAP) framework, the purpose of the study was to investigate whether teaching presence would impact online learners’ passive, active, constructive and interactive engagement behaviors. A total of 218 middle-schools English teachers in Shanghai were enrolled in an online professional development course and completed an online survey at the end. The results of regression analysis revealed that, controlling for the effects of age, gender, marital status, and prior experience, learners’ perceived teaching presence had a significant, positive impact on their constructive and interactive engagement behaviors but not on their passive and active engagement behaviors. Results were discussed based on the ICAP framework.
Huaihao Zhang, Shanghai Teacher Training Center - Shanghai
Lijia Lin, East China Normal University
Youqun Ren, East China Normal University
Xiaozhe Yang, East China Normal University
Beirong Lu, East China Normal University
Yi Zhan, East China Normal University