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Leadership behaviors and styles may differ from country to country, from culture to culture, from female to males. Bolman and Deal (1994) created four frames to classify leadership behaviors and styles: Structural, Human Resources, Political, and Symbolic. Leadership behaviors and styles, commonalities and differences, of Georgian, Saudi and United States college female students were identified through the Leadership Self-Orientation 38-item instrument. Quantitative analysis revealed that Saudi female students’ behaviors and styles are connected to the human resource frame implying closer relationship between people. Georgian students disclosed the symbolic frame based on what is most important is not what happens but what it means. The United States females showed evidence of strong political and structural behaviors and styles.
Ana Gil-Garcia, Northeastern Illinois University
Julie Nash, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University
Izabella Petriashvili, Tbilisi State University, Georgia