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While role-playing games and personalized learning have been regarded as effective learning tools, approaches to incorporate personalized learning into role-playing games are limited to cognitive and motivational variables. Aiming at closing this gap, this study incorporated both affective and cognitive variables to develop a personalized role-playing game and piloted its effectiveness on students’ performance and cognitive load. Results showed that the personalized role-playing game was effective in improving performance, reducing extraneous load, and promoting germane load. This study also found that although decreased extraneous load could provide more germane load capacity, this would not necessarily lead to performance improvement because students need to be motivated to invest sufficient germane load to actively process the learning materials.