Replication of a Meta-CFA of TTCT-Figural: Evaluating Independence Violations and the Confounding Influence of Fluency

• In Event: Creativity in Gifted Education

Abstract

Numerous primary studies and a recent meta-analytic confirmatory factor analysis (Said-Metwaly et al., 2018) showed that Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking - Figural (TTCT-F) had a two-factor structure. Some researchers question factor analyses of TTCT and divergent thinking tests because of specific problems related to the structure and scoring strategies used in TTCT-F. In this study, we replicated the meta-CFA study of TTCT-F and investigated if and how the problems of violation of independence and confounding influence of fluency influence the factor structure. After determining the correlation matrices that demonstrated independence violation or fluency confound, we created subsets of matrices to compare the factor models with and without these problems. Overall, a two-factor structure remained stronger than a one-factor structure.

Authors

• Jaret Hodges, University of North Texas

• Selcuk Acar, University of North Texas

• Lindsay Ellis Lee, East Tennessee State University