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About Annual Meeting
Despite the overall benefits of paid work, recent research finds that the effect of employment on wellbeing is often contingent upon the conditions of work. Since the 1970s, there has been a steady growth in nonstandard schedules (e.g., working nights, weekends, and rotating shifts) and precarious employment arrangements (e.g., part-time, temporary, freelance, and contract-based employment). Although standard employment arrangements have changed in these important ways, surprisingly few studies have explored the effects of nonstandard schedules and precarious employment on the wellbeing of employees or how these links might vary by gender. In this paper we address four questions: 1. Are nonstandard work schedules and precarious employment associated with lower levels of mastery? 2. Are nonstandard work schedules and precarious employment associated with elevated symptoms of depression? 3. Are the effects of nonstandard work schedules and precarious employment on depressive symptoms mediated by lower levels of mastery? 4. Are the indirect effect of nonstandard work schedules and precarious employment present and similar in magnitude for women and men? We find that precarious employment and nonstandard scheduling increases depression by lowering mastery, but that this is moderated by gender. Specifically, for men, it is precarious employment (contract, temporary, and part-time employment) that is associated with lowered sense of control and increased depression. For women, it is nonstandard scheduling that is associated with lowered sense of control and increased depression.