Early Origins of Peak Body Mass in Later Life: Examining Childhood Risks and Adult Pathways

• In Event: 4311 - Early Adversity and Adult Health

Abstract

Prior research reveals that negative experiences early in life play a major role in the development of obesity in later life, but relatively few studies identify the mediating factors that may alter the lifetime risk of obesity. This study examines the influence of an array of negative experiences during childhood on peak body mass index (BMI) during adulthood and the psychosocial and behavioral pathways involved. With data from a nationally representative sample of adults at least 51 years of age, we examine the influence of cumulative misfortune as well as domains of misfortune on peak BMI. Results show that each domain of childhood misfortune is associated with peak BMI either directly, indirectly, or in both ways. One domain of childhood misfortune, physical impairment, influences peak BMI even after accounting for adult mediators. By contrast, the influence of cumulative misfortune on peak BMI is fully mediated by three adult factors: more depressive symptoms, lower socioeconomic status, and less frequent physical activity. The direct influence of childhood misfortune domains on these adult lifestyle factors is substantial and contributes to higher peak BMI. The adult mediators identified here provide solid targets for potential intervention among middle-aged and older adults to help offset the health risks of excess BMI attributable to early-life exposure to misfortune.

Authors

• Sarah Mustillo, University of Notre Dame

• Miao Li, Clemson University

• Kenneth F. Ferraro, Purdue University