Substance Use among Formerly Incarcerated Black Americans

• In Event: Neglected Populations in Reentry

Abstract

Black Americans are incarcerated at grossly disproportionate rates, largely due to racial discrimination in the application of drug laws. Many formerly incarcerated individuals have substantial substance use needs. Formerly incarcerated individuals, particularly Black Americans, with substance use needs tend to return to disadvantaged communities that may not have the capacity to address their unique needs. This study examined the substance use patterns among formerly incarcerated Black Americans as they were transitioning into their home communities. Black Americans who had been released from prison within the past year were asked about their substance use patterns and experiences with drug treatment programs. Most participants reported extensive substance use pre- and post-incarceration, and were reportedly at least moderately bothered by substance use problems such as craving and withdrawal symptoms. Cocaine and marijuana were the most frequently reported drugs of choice. Findings from this study contribute to the existing knowledge on substance use among formerly incarcerated individuals. Such information is essential to the development of appropriate interventions for substance using formerly incarcerated individuals.

Authors

• Tawandra L. Rowell-Cunsolo, Columbia University

• Rahma Mkuu, Columbia University

• Stephen Sampong, Columbia University

• Amanda Mavraj, Long Island University