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This paper explores the role of leadership in the relationship between national and organizational culture. Two comparative case studies were used to demonstrate how leaders in organizations interpret national culture and translate it into organizational culture. Data was collected by means of interviews, non-participant observations, document analysis, and discourse analysis of press media. Findings from analyses of qualitative data from multiple sources were triangulated to increase the validity. Results challenged assumptions that organizations embedded in the same national culture are influenced by national culture in the same manner and demonstrate how national cultural manifests differently in and across organizational cultures.