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Gender- and sex-related terminology continues to evolve as societal understandings of gender, sex, and related constructs shift and become more nuanced. However, it is unclear how these societal shifts are reflected in academic research. In this study, we sought to understand how researchers from a wide variety of sub-fields of mathematics education use gender- and sex-related terminology by examining PME-NA conference proceedings from the past 3 years. Although the term gender was used far more often than was the term sex, there was a preponderance of sex-related terms (i.e., male and female) used in the demographic sections of papers. Concerningly, the vast majority of authors did not identify how they conceptualized gender as a construct and/or collected gender data. We call for mathematics education researchers to attend to gender-related language in their work to lend integrity to their findings.