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1-121 - Novel Approaches to Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Pediatric Anxiety: Insights from Neuroimaging and Longitudinal Designs

Thu, April 6, 2:00 to 3:30pm, Austin Convention Center, Meeting Room 12A

Session Type: Paper Symposium

Integrative Statement

Pediatric anxiety disorders are one of the most common classes of psychological disorders in youth and are associated with increased risk of depression and other psychiatric disorders later in life. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacological approaches can be effective treatments for many youth with anxiety disorders, approximately 40-45% of youth do not achieve remission. Identifying predictors of outcomes is of paramount importance in order to guide patients towards those treatments with the highest likelihood of success. This symposium presents multidisciplinary approaches to predicting treatment and longitudinal outcomes among children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. The first three presentations focus on examining physiological and neural responses to threat-relevant stimuli as predictors of treatment response among anxious youth. The first presentation includes event-related potential and neuroimaging measures of reactivity to threatening faces as predictors of anxiety treatment response, addressing the utility of these measures in clinical settings. Presentation 2 focuses on neural activation during indirect processing of threatening faces, including both predictors of treatment response and the effects of CBT and pharmacological treatments on brain function. Presentation 3 expands upon these studies of brain activation by examining amygdala functional connectivity during threat processing as a predictor of youth anxiety treatment response. The fourth presentation focuses on clinical outcomes, including the development of depression, two years after preadolescent youth are treated for anxiety. Together, these studies provide insight into novel approaches for identifying youth most in need of and likely to respond to treatment, with the potential of improving long-term outcomes.

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